This paper examines the macroeconomic and distributive impacts of carbon pricing reforms. 

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This article explores the critical role of energy in shaping capitalist modes of development, and their entry into crisis, in France between 1960 and 2020. This analysis challenges traditional views that regard energy primarily as an exogenous shock and instead posits energy as a fundamental metabolic constraint in capitalist accumulation regimes and proves that neoliberalism's...

Dans tous les domaines de nos vies et face aux nouvelles fractures (climatiques et écologiques, du travail ou de santé, numériques ?) mais aussi de façon plus philosophique voire politique, et en la reliant à quelques-unes des grandes notions de notre époque, cet ouvrage explore les potentiels et la modernité d’une idée dans toute...

This paper studies the long-term consequences of a zero-growth regime on the evolution of employment and unemployment, depending on the assumptions we can make concerning the evolution of the working population, labor productivity and working hours. These consequences are examined through three scenarios. This leads us to conclude that the goal...

This paper explores the potential contribution of Sustainability-linked Money Creation (SMC) to sustainable economic policies. Our simulations suggest that, in comparison to a baseline scenario, SMC issues could potentially constitute an anti-inflationary, counter-cyclical green transition policy, that increases biomimetic resilience and contains income and wealth inequalities. We finally discuss the policy implications, as well...

Alors que notre époque est marquée par l’urgence climatique, la transition écologique peine à s’enclencher. L’ouvrage plaide pour concerter la transition écologique et engager l'ensemble de la société dans la construction d’un avenir commun. Semblable à un processus constituant, ce changement d’approche vise à construire un nouveau contrat écologique, un compromis de société qui décloisonne les questions...

This article reviews the epistemological debates about functionalism in ecology. While identifying current area of scientific validity, t emphasizes, in particular, that functionalism depends on the system examined and remains inapplicable wherever singularity prevails. 

How the increased trade openness and correspondingly higher marginal propensity to
import explains the lower efficiency of economic policy in the context of economic openness. Using an empirical stock-flow consistent model for the French economy (SFC FR), we analyze the macroeconomic impacts of these policies through a series of macroeconomic shocks.

The economic agent was previously assumed to be distinct from its environment and that nothing was forcing him to act on it. With the ecological crisis, every agent appears to be inserted into an environment, which he modifies in an irreversible way without even having decided to do so. This changes in depth the...

We study the macroeconomic impact of climate action policy that would allow France to reach its net zero objective by 2050. Contrary to the findings of a report commissioned by the French Prime Minister, our simulations show that these investments are likely to generate economic growth and reduce public debt.

The distribution of the footprint within a country is regularly computed using consumption data, and with the assumption that the footprint from a product category is proportional to the spending on that product. Here, we explore the limitations of this proportionality assumption.

Extracting, processing, and delivering energy requires energy itself, which reduces the net energy available to society and yields considerable socioeconomic implications. Yet, most mitigation pathways and transition models overlook net energy feedbacks.

The 2008 and Covid crises have led to increasing public debts and to the launching of unconventional economic policies. Thanks to a complete description of the balance sheets of the domestic and foreign agents, stock-flow consistent (SFC) modelling was well equipped to evaluate their economic consequences. 

Using an empirical stock-flow consistent (SFC) model for the French economy, we simulate an imported inflationary shock to emulate the current inflation situation and analyze the resulting macroeconomic impacts on the French economy. Two possible responses are considered: increased wage per capita so as to preserve workers’ purchasing power, increased margins by firms in order to restore their...

Un modèle économétrique SFC de l'économie française est présenté pour étudier les effets des politiques monétaires non-conventionnelles et l'impact d'une version simple de la monnaie électronique banque centrale. Différentes formes de politiques monétaires non conventionnelles sont évaluées.

This paper examines the contribution of SFC modelling to the definition of a green policy mix that would facilitate the implementation of a climate transition policy.

L’Europe subit depuis 2021 des chocs douloureux sur les prix des énergies qui résultent du cumul de plusieurs facteurs. Ce contexte d’énergie rare et chère est douloureux, mais il donne un signal politique et économique fort : il souligne l’importance de diversifier les approvisionnements pour assurer notre sécurité énergétique et l’intérêt d’une sobriété pour réduire nos...

L’ADEME a souhaité soumettre au débat quatre chemins “types” cohérents qui présentent de manière volontairement contrastée des options économiques, techniques et de société pour atteindre la neutralité carbone en 2050. Ce travail a été conduit de 2019 à 2021 et n'est pas remis en cause par les conflits actuels majeurs, bien au contraire. 

Many studies have investigated the carbon footprint of households. Here we open a new field by discussing the emissions that individuals enable by providing labor and capital to companies, using the framework of income-based (downstream) responsibility. Our results show that inequalities in emissions do not strongly interact with economic inequality. Yet they are gendered...

Several researchers argue that the root cause of today’s ecological disaster is not the anthropos, but the way we have been organizing the global economy through capitalism. It follows that we would be living in the Capitalocene rather than the Anthropocene. In this article, we demonstrate that the Capitalocene concept suffers from four intrinsic flaws

A first version of an econometric SFC model of the French economy based on the accumulation accounts from INSEE and on the financial accounts of the Bank of France has been presented (Mazier and Reyes, 2022). It provides the overall structure, the main equations and the basic properties of the model. This paper is...

Reyes and Mazier present a first version of an econometric stock flow consistent (SFC) model of the French economy – an aggregate model with a single product, five domestic agents and the rest of the world with a complete representation of real and financial sectors in stocks and flows.

An econometric SFC model of the French economy is presented. The structure of the model is analogous to that of already existing national-level SFC models. The dynamic
simulations on the past over the period 1996-2019 provide acceptable results. In a second part the effects of unconventional monetary policy are evaluated such as the distribution of
helicopter money in...

While the ecological crisis is usually presented as a confrontation between mankind and nature, there remains a third term that it is imperative to keep in mind: technology. Technology appears as made up of two fronts, which must be considered jointly: mediation with nature, and mediation with man himself.

The aim of this work was to develop a robust transition model that should be able to provide information on public policies to avoid either an attractive equilibrium with fossil fuel-intensive capital only, or a collapse due to a climate-induced Minsky moment

In closing its economic gap with emerging markets, Côte d’Ivoire will face a substantial increase in electricity demand over the next three decades. This paper develops a forward-looking tool to explore electricity technology investment paths compatible with both rapidly increasing electricity demand and the Paris Agreement.

The article examines the relationship between a household's income and its carbon emissions (the carbon footprint). It is found that, generally, the carbon footprint grows less rapidly than expenditure, and confirms that the income elasticity is lower than the expenditure elasticity

We examine the interactions between growth in CO2 emissions, economic production, and energy use at the global and multi-regional levels over the period 1990–2014. Among our findings, our results suggest that policy effectiveness could be gained if a country’s climate actions were coordinated with the other geographies most affected by their consequences, providing valuable...

This paper follows Harvie and Grasselli and Maheshwari's research program in testing both Goodwin's predator–prey model and the extension proposed by van der Ploeg. The aim of this paper is to provide a guideline for the bloc estimation and the backtesting strategy that can be applied to such a class of continuous-time non-linear macroeconomic...

This article provides a panorama of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission inequalities between French households. It presents in a detailed and critical manner the methodological...  

This paper explores in which proportion the economy-wide rebound could erode expected energy savings from improved energy efficiency.

Achieving the energy shift requires an evolution of the structural and financial structures to develop, finance, and deploy low-carbon assets. Based on a historical and prospective approach, this PhD thesis develops four essays devoted to an analysis of the viability of the energy shift within the framework of a structural approach.

After discussing the weaknesses of the aggregated statistical approach to estimate economic damage, we conclude that, if these functions cannot reasonably be trusted for such a large cooling, they should not be considered to provide relevant information on potential damage in the case of a warming of similar magnitude, as projected in the case...

In "Why environmental management may yield no-regret pollution abatement options", Ecological Economics, 2009, Bréchet and Jouvet claim to have theoretically shown that profits maximizing firms can reduce pollution compared to laissez-faire and increase their profits. We correct multiple errors in their paper, with the conclusion that their claim no longer stands.

To what extent can worldwide carbon pricing foster the transition towards a low-carbon economy and mitigate the effects of global warming? We address this question by assessing the financial impacts and macroeconomic implications of carbon pricing and public subsidies.

The article contributes to the literature on the Great Divergence by providing a review of all deep-rooted and proximate causes of economic growth.

This dissertation offers a transdisciplinary modeling approach to feed the debates raised by the long-run availability of mineral materials. It investigates the plausibility of a depletion threat posed to key metal resources within the current century.

The dynamics of copper production is modeled with a prey–predator approach linking the evolution of reserves to that of industrial wealth.

the primary motivation for this dissertation is to explore the concepts of social capital, relational capabilities, subjective well-being and development, and especially the linkages between them.

This article provides a knowledge-based and energy-centred unified growth model of the transition from limited to sustained economic growth.

Using Brazil’s industrial structure and its interdependence, we evaluate the minimal changes in final demand that are needed to achieve their NDC and study the impacts that such changes could cause to the employment by industry in the country. 

This paper follows van der Ploeg (1987)’s research program in testing both its extension of Goodwin (1967)’s predator-prey model and the Minsky Financial Instability Hypothesis (FIH) proposed by Keen (1995).

This article shows that several minimum exergy return ratios (ExRRs) can be computed in relation to different aggregate exergy conversion efficiencies.

This article analyzes the transition dynamics, what Hicks called the traverse, from one equilibrium toward another one—and the conditions for such a transfer—in a bi-sectoral economy under technological shocks.

In this article, we design a phenomenological model of the global human population dynamics by using the gross world product (GWP) as an exogenous input variable to determine the birth rate and death rates of each age group

In a stock-flow consistent macrodynamic model featuring two crucial endogenous destabilizing channels, namely debt accumulation and climate change, we perform a sensitivity analysis on four fundamental parameters of the climate and economic systems.

The purpose of this article is to reformulate a clear and in-depth state of knowledge provided by a thermo-evolutionary perspective of the economic system. It is shown that during the entire human history, energy has been central to direct the successive phases of technological change and economic development.

This paper presents a macroeconomic model of endogenous growth that takes into consideration the economic impact of climate change, the pivotal role of private debt and income distribution. The main finding is that, even though the short-run impact of climate change on economic fundamentals may seem prima facie rather minor, its long-run dynamic consequences...

We propose a continuous-time stock-flow consistent model for inventory dynamics in an economy with firms, banks, and households.

Under non-exponential discounting, we develop a dynamic theory for stopping problems in continuous time. Our framework covers discount functions that induce decreasing impatience. Due to the inherent time inconsistency, we look for equilibrium stopping policies, formulated as fixed points of an operator. Under appropriate conditions, fixed-point iterations converge to equilibrium stopping policies.

How could the burden of GHG emission reduction be shared among countries? The article address this arguably basic question by purely statistical methods that do not rely on any normative judgment about the criteria according to which it should be answered.

Interconnected systems are prone to propagation of disturbances, which can undermine their resilience to external perturbations. Propagation dynamics can clearly be affected by potential time delays in the underlying processes. We investigate how such delays influence the resilience of production networks facing disruption of supply.

This thesis' goal is to study the influence of New Classical economists on macroeconomics in the 1970s, by appealing to an historiographical framework which puts at the heart the role played by the stagflation, and by confronting the results of this work to the standard narrative.

The goal of this paper is to propose and test stochastic differential equations for Goodwin’s model and one of its extension by using an estimation technique based on simulated maximum likelihood developed by Durham and Gallant (2002)

The article studies the 1978 macroeconomics conference titled “After the Phillips Curve”, where Lucas and Sargent presented their fierce attack against structural macroeconometric models, “After Keynesian Macroeconomics”. It aims at enlarging the comprehension of changes in macroeconomics in the 1970s.

We examine to which extent the Keen model (Keen 1995) is a faithful modelling of Minsky's Finance. We conclude that the Keen crisis has few Minskian flavours.

The consumption of mineral resources and energy has increased exponentially over the last 100 years. Further growth is expected until at least the middle of the 21st century. In order to meet this demand, more metals will have to be produced by 2050 than over the last 100 years, which raises questions about the...

This study uses the global climate–economy–biosphere (CoCEB) model formulated in Part 1 to investigate economic aspects of deforestation control and carbon sequestration in forests, as well as the efficiency of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies as policy measures for climate change mitigation.

We consider the problem of stopping a diffusion process with a payoff functional involving probability distortion. We study stopping decisions of naïve agents who reoptimize continuously in time, as well as equilibrium strategies of sophisticated agents who anticipate but lack control over their future selves’ behaviors.

Common dynamical properties of business cycle fluctuations are studied in a sample of more than 100 countries that represent economic regions from all around the world.

The CoCEB model is used to evaluate hypotheses on the long-term effect of investment in emission abatement, and on the comparative efficacy of different approaches to abatement. While many studies in the literature treat abatement costs as an unproductive loss of income, we show that mitigation costs do slow down economic growth over the...

Article published in Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications (August 2017). Abstract. In this paper we consider some elementary and fair zero-sum games...  

This paper presents novel approach about ethnic polarization in a country and extends its relevance beyond social conflict and civil wars to subjective well-being (SWB) and relational capabilities construct.

This paper presents a family of multidimensional poverty indexes that measure poverty as a function of the extent and the intensity of poverty.

How do inequality and growth evolve in the long run and why? This paper analyses the interplay between household debt, growth and inequality within a monetary, stock-flow consistent framework.

Phd Thesis – Florent Mc Isaac presented publicly on  the 14th of December 2016 – Université Paris 1, Panthéon Sorbonne. Ever since the stagflation...  

Abstract: The stagflation phenomenon is regarded as one of the cause of the Keynesian paradigm breakdown in the 1970s. The New Classical school took...  

This paper is published in Papiers de Recherche AFD, n°2015-17, Décembre. Abstract : This paper, on the one hand, goes a step closer to...  

Paper published in  Energy Policy – November 2015. The economic implications of oil price shocks have been extensively studied since the 1970s’. Despite this...  

Abstract. The standard history of macroeconomics considers Lucas (1976)– “the Lucas Critique” –as a path-breaking innovation for the discipline. According to this view Lucas’s...  

The effects of oil shocks in inflation and growth have been widely discussed in the literature, however few have focused on the impact of...  

The recent literature on fossil energy has already stated that oil is not perfectly substitutable to other inputs, considering fossil fuel as a critical...  

Speach from Jean-Daniel KANT (Sorbonne Université Sciences, LIP6)at the Research Seminar of the Chair Energy and Prosperity on March 15.

Speach from Francesco Ricci at the Research Seminar of the Chair Energy and Prosperity on December 21.

Speech from Daniel Bastidas and Fatma Rostom about "The use of physical and monetary data in the GEMMES modele"

Intervention de Paul Brockway (University of Leeds, UK) pour un exposé intitulé: Could energetic constraints be slowing economic growth?

The Chair Energy and Prosperity will welcome Roger Guesnerie in it's seminar on Septembre 29th. His speach will be on the following subject : "Calcul économique : à propos de quelques débats concernant le risque et le développement durable"

France Stratégie and the Chair Energy et Prosperity are teaming up to organize a workshop on the contribution of the financial system to the energy transition and climate stabilization. The

Le séminaire "Modélisation de la transition écologique" vise à favoriser les échanges entre membres de la Chaire appartenant à des institutions différentes. Michael Ghils interviendra sur le sujet "Coupled Climate–Economics Modeling and Data Analysis: Endogenous Business Cycles and Fluctuation–Dissipation Theory"

The Chair Energy and Prosperity is very pleased to invite you to attend its Annual Symposium, this year topic is the "Stern-Stiglitz Commission on Carbon Prices".