Our findings suggest a new dimension of the natural resource curse: the fragmentation of identities, between ethnic groups and nations.
We examine in this paper sustainability-linked bonds (SLBs) whose issuance now totals more than USD 200 bn. There is a structural design flaw in the SLB mechanism: setting a significant coupon step-up does not suit the issuer’s nor the investors’ interests, considering conditionality. This creates a no win situation for the issuer and investors alike and explains the “benign” use of SLBs by current market participants.
Les pays africains aspirent à un développement industriel pour diversifier leurs exportations, actuellement concentrées en ressources naturelles. Cependant, l’électrification et le renforcement de la compétitivité des entreprises nationales restent un défi lorsqu’elles font face à la concurrence des importations, notamment celle chinoise.